ABSTRACT
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death world-wide. Therapy resistance and relapse are considered major reasons contributing to the poor survival rates of lung cancer. Accumulated evidences have demonstrated that a small subpopulation of stem-like cells existed within lung cancer tissues and cell lines, possessing the abilities of self-renewal, multipotent differentiation and unlimited proliferation. These lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSCs) can generate tumors with high effeciency in vivo, survive cytotoxic therapies, and eventually lead to therapy resistance and recurrence. In this review, we would like to present recent knowledges on LCSCs, including the origins where they come from, the molecular features to identify them, and key mechanisms for them to survive and develop resistance, in order to provide a better view for targeting them in future clinic. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Resistance , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathologyABSTRACT
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) is one of the main receptor of acetylcholine in the body. It is an excitatory transmembrane cation channel. It is confirmed that nAChRs has important physiological functions in both the nervous system and non-nervous system, and is related to many diseases.nAChRs has also been confirmed to be related to many diseases, so its structure And functional research is very necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to study the structure and function of nAChRs. It is known that the intracellular loop of the nicotinic receptor protein plays a major role in regulating its intracellular metabolism and downstream signal transduction. However, the structure and function of this protein sequence are still unclear. In this paper, the current research status of nicotinic receptor intracellular interaction proteins were reviewed, aiming to further explore the structural and functional characteristics of nicotinic receptor intracellular loops through the information of their interaction proteins and interaction sites, and to provide ideas for clinical targeted therapy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of β2-microglobulin(β2-MG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and cystain C(CysC) in the diagnosis of early diabetic kidney injury.Methods Seventy cases of diabetic nephropathy(group DN) and 110 cases of simple diabetes(group DM) admitted and treated in our hospital from June to November 2015 were selected as the research subjects and performed the contrastive study with the 50 volunteers undergoing physical examination (control group)in the same period.The levels of β2-MG,HbA1c,CysC,SCr and Urea were compared among three groups.Results Compared with the control group,the SCr and Urea levels in the DM group had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05),while the β2-MG,HbA1c and CysC levels in the DM group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the levels of β2-MG,HbA1c,CysC,SCr and Urea in the DN group were significantly higher than those in the control group and DM group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The positive rates of single index detection and combined detection of β2-MG,HbA1c and CysC I the DN group were significantly higher than those in the DM group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion For the patients with diabetes,β2-MG,HbA1c and CysC can better reflect the early damage of renal function,their joint detection is conducive to the diabetic treatment and disease condition monitoring.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the impact of vagal denervation (VD) that is derived from circumferential ablation of pulmonary vein ostium for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) on the therapeutic results. Methods A total of 50 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were enrolled in this study. Circumferential ablation of pulmonary vein ostium was carried out in all the patients. The end point of ablation was pulmonary vein electricity isolation. The patients in whom VD occurred during the performance of ablation were regarded as VD- positive group (n = 19), and the remaining patients were used as VD- negative group (n = 31). The recurrence rate of AF six months after the treatment was recorded, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results The end point of ablation was successfully achieved in all the fifty cases. Six months after the ablation, the therapeutic effect of VD- positive group was significantly better than that of VD- negative group (84.21% vs 64.51%, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The vagal denervation effect that is derived from circumferential ablation of pulmonary vein ostium in treating AF can significantly increase the success rate of radiofrequency ablation for AF.
ABSTRACT
This study is to explore the activation of the Ca2+/CaM/CaN signal pathway in 5-HT-induced proliferation of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the inhibitory effect of m-nisoldipine (m-Nis) on this pathway. PASMCs were cultured with the explant technique. The proliferation of PASMCs was evaluated by MTT assay. Confocal microscopy was used to measure the change of [Ca2+]i. The mRNA expression of CaM and CaN was evaluated by RT-PCR and the activity of CaN was measured according to the instruction of kits. The results of MTT assay suggested that 5-HT (1 ?mol?L-1) significantly induced the proliferation of rat PASMCs (P
ABSTRACT
Aim To explore the effect of m-Nisoldipine(m-Nis) on 5-HT-induced proliferation,migration of rat PASMCs and to study the mechanisms.Methods PASMCs were cultured with the explant technique,and were divided into 6 groups:control group,5-HT(1 μmol·L~(-1)) group and m-Nis(10~(-5),10~(-6),10~(-7),10~(-8) mol·L~(-1))group.MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of PASMCs,and transwell chambers were used to detect the migration of PASMCs.In addition,the expression of PCNA and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 were evaluated by Western blot analysis.Results m-Nis inhibited the proliferation(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and migration(P<0.01)of rat PASMCs induced by 5-HT obviously.Similarly,Western blot analysis of PCNA indicated that the expression of PCNA was significantly higher in 5-HT group than that in control group(P<0.01).Whereas,in four m-Nis treated groups,the level of PCNA was markedly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Meanwhile,m-Nis 10~(-5),10~(-6) and 10~(-7) mol·L~(-1) pretreatment also reduced 5-HT-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 obviously(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion m-Nis inhibits 5-HT-induced proliferation and migration of rat PASMCs obviously,which may be related to the inhibition of PCNA expression and the blockage of ERK1/2/MAPK signal pathway.
ABSTRACT
This study is to explore the activation of the Ca2+/CaM/CaN signal pathway in 5-HT-induced proliferation of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and the inhibitory effect of m-nisoldipine (m-Nis) on this pathway. PASMCs were cultured with the explant technique. The proliferation of PASMCs was evaluated by MTT assay. Confocal microscopy was used to measure the change of [Ca2+]i. The mRNA expression of CaM and CaN was evaluated by RT-PCR and the activity of CaN was measured according to the instruction of kits. The results of MTT assay suggested that 5-HT (1 micromol x L(-1)) significantly induced the proliferation of rat PASMCs (P < 0.01), which was inhibited obviously by m-Nis (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Similarly, m-Nis inhibited 5-HT-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i (P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of CaM, CaN and the activation of CaN were also inhibited by m-Nis at different degrees (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Thus, the results of this study suggested that Ca2+/CaM/CaN signal pathway played an important role in 5-HT-induced proliferation of rat PASMCs, the inhibition of m-Nis on proliferation of rat PASMCs may be related to the blockage of Ca2+/CaM/CaN signal pathway by inhibiting the elevation of [Ca2+]i.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To prepare gliquidone solid dispersion and to investigate its dissolution rate. METHODS: The gliquidone solid dispersion was prepared by dissolvent- fusion method and dissolvent method with PEG- 6000( PEG) and PVP K30( PVP) as carriers. RESULTS: The results of in vitro dissolubility test showed that the higher the carrier ratio, the faster the drug dissolution. The in vitro dissolubility of solid dispersions was faster with PVP than with PEG as carrier. The dissolution rate of the gliquidone- PVP ( 1∶ 7) solid dispersion reached as high as above 70% in 10 minutes, which was superior to that of its bulk drug. CONCLUSION: The gliquidone solid dispersion has been prepared successfully.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To study prescription and process of matrine controlled porosity osmotic pump tablet (matrine CPOPT) and to inspect release property in vitro. METHODS: The orthogonal experiment was designed to screen prescription and process which were definited with the evaluation of release of tablet. RESULTS: The optimization of prescription was definited: osmotic agent consisted of mannitol and lactose with a ratio of 1 ∶ 1(g/g); weight of osmotic agent was 2 fold increase of matrine; the cellulose acetate in coating liquid accounted for 15% (g/g) of PEG 400; The release behavior of matrine CPOPT was coincident with zero-order rate equation well and characteristic of controlled-release. CONCLUSION: Matrine CPOPT has good controlled-release in vitro effect and experiments for further in vivo test are available.